Phrases and clauses

Phrases and clauses each have an important role in English grammar.

A phrase of two or more words acts just like another part of speech. A good example of this is the prepositional phrase, which begins with a preposition and ends in a noun or pronoun. The noun or pronoun at the end of a prepositional phrase is called the object of the preposition. The prepositional phrase can also contain adverbial information.

For example:
  • I live

    (near the ocean)

    (in a white house)

    (with purple shutters.)

  • Phrases in English can act just like the part of speech of a single word.

    A noun phrase contains two or more words beginning with a noun.

    • The new employee brought lunch.

    The noun phrase may be replaced with a single noun or pronoun and would still make sense.

    For example: He brought lunch.

    An adjective phrase may contain prepositional phrases that modify nouns or pronouns by showing what kind or which one.

    • I sent my aunt in Chicago a gift. (which aunt?)
    • He owns Italian leather shoes. (what kind of shoes?)

    An adverb phrase may modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs.

    • She spent her money too quickly.

    Clauses are groups of words with a subject and verb.